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The biological inclusions in Eocene amber from Študlov locality in White Carpathian Mts.
Škorpíková, Šárka ; Prokop, Jakub (advisor) ; Azar, Dany (referee)
The tudlov amber has been the only known fossil resin from the Czech Republic, in which the biological inclusions are preserved, and at the same time the only Czech fossil resin occurring not in the area of the Bohemian Massif, but in outer arch of the Outer Western Carpathians. So far, only single findings of fossil Hymenoptera and Diptera have been published. In contrast to mostly Cretaceous ambers of the Bohemian Massif, the age of tudlov amber is usually estimated from the late Paleocene to mid Eocene. This diploma thesis provides an overview of the fossil organisms found in the tudlov amber in the past two decades and it is also the most comprehensive text dedicated to the palaeodiversity of embedded organisms from this remarkable fossil resin. The presence of various microscopic fungi is proven, as well as the presence of angiosperm trichomes, mites and insects (prevailed by Hymenoptera and Diptera). The discovery of a hymenopteran family Stigmaphronidae (Apocrita) is the first Cenozoic evidence of this family, formerly considered as extinct by the end of Cretaceous. Finding of an isolated gymnosperm twig with wood anatomical characters close to genus Glyptostrobus allows to outline some conclusions about the paleoecosystem. The Eocene age of the resin is confirmed by the combination of...
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The biological inclusions in Eocene amber from Študlov locality in White Carpathian Mts.
Škorpíková, Šárka ; Prokop, Jakub (advisor) ; Azar, Dany (referee)
The tudlov amber has been the only known fossil resin from the Czech Republic, in which the biological inclusions are preserved, and at the same time the only Czech fossil resin occurring not in the area of the Bohemian Massif, but in outer arch of the Outer Western Carpathians. So far, only single findings of fossil Hymenoptera and Diptera have been published. In contrast to mostly Cretaceous ambers of the Bohemian Massif, the age of tudlov amber is usually estimated from the late Paleocene to mid Eocene. This diploma thesis provides an overview of the fossil organisms found in the tudlov amber in the past two decades and it is also the most comprehensive text dedicated to the palaeodiversity of embedded organisms from this remarkable fossil resin. The presence of various microscopic fungi is proven, as well as the presence of angiosperm trichomes, mites and insects (prevailed by Hymenoptera and Diptera). The discovery of a hymenopteran family Stigmaphronidae (Apocrita) is the first Cenozoic evidence of this family, formerly considered as extinct by the end of Cretaceous. Finding of an isolated gymnosperm twig with wood anatomical characters close to genus Glyptostrobus allows to outline some conclusions about the paleoecosystem. The Eocene age of the resin is confirmed by the combination of...
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Amber in Bohemia in the Bronze Age
Tisucká, Marika ; Jiráň, Luboš (advisor) ; Bátora, Jozef (referee) ; Chvojka, Ondřej (referee)
Amber in Bohemia in the Bronze Age - Abstract Amber found in archeaological contexts like any sensitive instrument can show the total span of meanings of different historic, economic, cultural, cult, and social traditions and systems of values in the prehistoric Europe. The work synthetically analyzes and evaluates the presence of amber finds in Bohemia during the Bronze Age. Attention is devoted relations to sites and amber artefacts demonstrating the probable course of "amber route". On the path leading from the Baltic coast to the Balkans and Italy and further into the eastern Mediterranean seen as a string, or rather a network of relations, most malleable and flexible, distributed among communities, which is also subject while reflecting internal and external influences, changes and developments. It reflects new amber artefacts and new results of IR spectroscopy. Its results shows, that amber did not came to Bohemia only from the north - from Baltic region; its results proved also rumanit amber. Work is a comprehensive evaluation and interpretation of participation Bohemia in the distribution network of leading amber in the wider European area. Study of the amber and its distribution gives evidence, that there existed vivid exchange, based on variety of connections with distant region sof northern...
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New analytical techniques for the study of amber inclusions
Škorpíková, Šárka ; Prokop, Jakub (advisor) ; Sakala, Jakub (referee)
Amber is an amorphous organic material, a fossil plant resin, mostly produced by Mesozoic and Cenozoic wetland trees. It was often used in jewelry in the past. However, together with the development of paleobiology it has begun to be used as an object of scientific studies, due to its unique abilities to conserve various inclusions in their three-dimensional matter and unusual preservation of their structures. These facts show its important role in the reconstruction of past ecosystems and organism interactions. Various groups of insects and chelicerates groups are typical inclusions that can be found in fossil resins. But the spectrum of these fossil organisms is much wider - from unicellular to vertebrates. For menaningful research of fossil material, precise analytic observations methods are necessary. Their development made a huge progress in last few years. This thesis summarizes the overview of some of these methods and also of inclusions described in several past years from various amber deposits (review of major deposits is included). Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Software for molecular dynamics
ŠILHAVÁ, Kristýna
The software for molecular dynamics provides the ability of simulating systems that consist of millions of particles, just for a few nanoseconds. This method allows for the carrying out of virtual experiments without real laboratory equipment and only with computer technology. Molecular dynamics play an important role in understanding the structure and function of biological, organic and inorganic systems. The objective of this thesis was to introduce the basics of molecular dynamics, solve model tasks in Amber software and Gromacs and to compare their capabilities. I have worked on the Hermes Computer Cluster that belongs to the Faculty of Science at the University of South Bohemia and this was part of the MetaCentrum Project. I have worked with both programs using the command line of the Linux Operating System. This thesis describes all of the file formats that are needed for working with these programs, and how they are to be used. I have built up several systems in Gromacs and Amber: 1) water 2) water and ions 3) solvated lysozyme. Based upon these sample systems, I have compared the basic utilities for preparation, the execution and the analysis of these simulations. This thesis should serve as a quick introduction and familiarization with Amber software and Gromacs.
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